When someone asked Michelangelo how he was able to create such a masterpiece “David”, he replied, “It was easy. I went to the quarry and saw a huge marble. All I did was chip away everything that doesn’t look like David.”
Similarly, we remove information we don’t need and extract what we need from a web page.
In our previous articles, we have talked about how to handle HTML with regular expressions. See the articles below.
- Using Regular Expression to Match HTML
- Advanced Text – Recommendations to Handle HTML With Regular Expression
- Extract Text From HTML Document
- Comparison of HTML parsers ( from Wikipedia)
Alternatives
1. Regular Expression
Using Regular Expression to Match HTML has explained how extract content of HTML with regular expressions above. But this method is not recommended in practice. The main reasons is that it’s relatively time consuming to write and verify regular expressions, difficult to predict the efficiency and hard to understand regular expression quickly.
2. XPath
XPath is perfect for content extraction from web pages and is strongly recommended. The XPath syntax is simple, and it is easier to read, write and test XPath than regular expression. Many programming languages support an XPath library.
The articles below may be helpful:
3. CSS Selector
CSS selectors is also a good choice for web content extraction. It selects an HTML element by document.querySelector() and document.querySelectorAll () selects a group of HTML elements with the same characteristics. The syntax of CSS Selector is similar to XPath syntax. But not all the programming languages support a CSS selector library.
Sample code:
<div class="test" id="testId">
<p><span>Test</span></p>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var testElement= document.getElementById('testId');
var element = testElement.querySelector('.test span');
console.log(element.innerText);
</script>The output
If you want to learn more about Python language, you can read the article http://docs.python-guide.org/en/latest/scenarios/scrape/
